Overview: Cherry eye is a common eye condition in dogs, characterized by a red, fleshy mass protruding from the inner corner of the eye. It occurs when the gland responsible for lubricating the eye, known as the nictitating membrane or third eyelid gland, becomes prolapsed. This article will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for cherry eye in dogs.
Understanding Cherry Eye
Cherry eye, also known as prolapsed gland of the third eyelid, occurs when the gland within the third eyelid (nictitating membrane) protrudes from its normal position. The third eyelid is a thin, transparent membrane located in the inner corner of the eye, serving as a protective barrier and providing lubrication. The prolapsed gland appears as a red, fleshy mass that can obstruct the dog’s vision and cause discomfort.
Anatomy and Function of the Third Eyelid Gland
The third eyelid, also called the nictitating membrane, is a thin, transparent membrane located in the inner corner of the eye. It contains a gland called the gland of the third eyelid, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and lubrication of the eye. This gland secretes a lubricating fluid called tear film, which helps to keep the eye moist, clean, and free from irritation.
Causes of Cherry Eye
The exact cause of cherry eye is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic predisposition and anatomical factors. Some dog breeds are more prone to developing cherry eye than others, including:
- Bulldogs
- Beagles
- Poodles
- Cocker Spaniels
- Shar-Peis
- Yorkshire Terriers
- American Cocker Spaniels
- English Bulldogs
Genetic Predisposition: Cherry eye is often hereditary, meaning it can be passed down from parent to offspring.
Anatomical Factors: The thin muscle that holds the gland in place can be weak or underdeveloped, making it more susceptible to prolapse. Additionally, certain breeds have a shallower socket for the third eyelid gland, increasing the risk of prolapse.
Symptoms of Cherry Eye
The most obvious symptom of cherry eye is a visible, red, fleshy mass protruding from the inner corner of the eye. Other symptoms may include:
- Excessive tearing (epiphora)
- Eye discharge
- Squinting
- Rubbing the eyes
- Sensitivity to light
- Corneal irritation
If you notice any of these symptoms, it is essential to consult with a veterinarian immediately.
Diagnosis of Cherry Eye
A veterinarian can typically diagnose cherry eye based on a physical examination of the dog’s eye. They may use a magnifying device (ophthalmoscope) to examine the eye and confirm the prolapse. If necessary, additional tests, such as a tear test or cytology, may be performed to rule out other eye conditions.
Treatment Options for Cherry Eye
The treatment for cherry eye depends on the severity of the condition and the dog’s overall health.
Surgical Correction:
Surgery is the most common treatment for cherry eye. The procedure involves surgically repositioning the prolapsed gland back into its normal position within the third eyelid. This can be achieved using different techniques, such as:
- Tacking: A small suture is used to secure the gland to the surrounding tissue, preventing it from prolapsing again.
- Excision: In rare cases, when the gland is severely damaged, it may need to be removed. However, this is typically a last resort, as the gland plays a crucial role in tear production.
Non-Surgical Options:
While surgery is the most effective way to correct cherry eye, there are some non-surgical options available:
- Lubricating eye drops: These can help to alleviate the discomfort and dryness caused by the prolapsed gland.
- Antibiotics: If the prolapsed gland becomes infected, antibiotics may be prescribed.
Post-Operative Care:
Following surgery, it is important to follow the veterinarian’s instructions for post-operative care, which may include:
- Eye drops: Antibiotic or lubricating eye drops may be prescribed to prevent infection and promote healing.
- E-Collar: An Elizabethan collar (E-collar) may be used to prevent the dog from scratching or rubbing its eye.
- Rest: It is important to keep the dog calm and limit physical activity to allow the eye to heal properly.
Living with Cherry Eye
Cherry eye can be a manageable condition with appropriate treatment. Even after surgery, there is a chance the condition may reoccur. However, with proper care, most dogs can live a normal life with cherry eye.
Long-Term Care
Once cherry eye is treated, it is essential to monitor the dog’s eye for any signs of reoccurrence. Regular vet checkups are important to ensure the eye remains healthy.
Preventing Cherry Eye
Unfortunately, there is no foolproof way to prevent cherry eye. However, avoiding breeding dogs with a history of cherry eye can help reduce the risk of the condition in future generations.
Conclusion
Cherry eye is a common eye condition in dogs that can be effectively treated with surgery. While it can be concerning, it is important to remember that this condition is often manageable with proper care. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to ensure a positive outcome for the dog. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for cherry eye, you can be prepared to provide your furry friend with the best possible care.
FAQ
What is cherry eye in dogs?
Cherry eye is a condition that occurs when the gland located in the third eyelid (also known as the nictitating membrane) protrudes out of its normal position. This gland, called the nictitating membrane gland, produces lubricating fluid that helps keep the eye moist and healthy. When it prolapses, it appears as a red, cherry-like mass in the corner of the eye, hence the name “cherry eye.”
It’s important to note that cherry eye is not an emergency situation. However, it should be addressed as soon as possible to prevent complications such as dryness, irritation, and infection.
What causes cherry eye in dogs?
Cherry eye is usually caused by a weakness in the connective tissues that hold the nictitating membrane gland in place. This weakness can be inherited, particularly in certain breeds like Bulldogs, Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, and others. It can also be triggered by trauma, allergies, or other eye conditions.
While the exact cause isn’t always clear, the condition is often associated with genetics and breed predispositions. Some breeds have a higher risk of developing cherry eye due to their anatomical structures.
What are the symptoms of cherry eye in dogs?
The most obvious symptom of cherry eye is the presence of a red, cherry-like mass in the corner of the eye. Other symptoms may include excessive tearing, eye discharge, squinting, and pawing at the eye.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult with a veterinarian promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and preserve the dog’s eye health.
How is cherry eye diagnosed in dogs?
Diagnosing cherry eye is usually straightforward. A veterinarian can typically diagnose it by examining the eye and observing the protruding gland. They may also use a magnifying lamp to get a better view of the area.
In some cases, the veterinarian may recommend additional tests, such as a fluorescein stain to check for corneal abrasions or an ophthalmoscope exam to evaluate the health of the back of the eye.
How is cherry eye treated in dogs?
The most common treatment for cherry eye is surgery. The procedure involves repositioning the protruding gland and securing it back in place with sutures.
There are two main surgical approaches: a tacking procedure and a pocket creation procedure. The choice of procedure depends on the severity of the prolapse and the dog’s individual needs.
Is cherry eye in dogs painful?
Cherry eye itself is usually not painful for the dog. However, the protruding gland can become irritated and inflamed, which can cause discomfort.
If the condition is left untreated, it can lead to further complications, including corneal dryness, ulcers, and infections.
Can cherry eye be prevented in dogs?
There’s no guaranteed way to prevent cherry eye, as it is often linked to genetics. However, maintaining good eye hygiene, such as wiping away discharge regularly, can help to keep the eyes healthy and reduce the risk of irritation.
Also, routine veterinary checkups can help detect any signs of cherry eye early on, allowing for prompt treatment and a better chance of success.