Overview: Cherry eye is a condition that occurs when the tear gland in a dog’s eye protrudes from its normal position, appearing as a red, cherry-like mass on the inside corner of the eye. While it can be scary to see, it’s usually treatable. This article will delve into the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for cherry eye in dogs.
What is Cherry Eye?
Cherry eye is a condition that occurs when the nictitating membrane, also known as the third eyelid, protrudes from its normal position in the corner of the eye. The nictitating membrane is a thin, translucent membrane located in the inner corner of the eye. It is responsible for spreading tears across the eye, protecting it from debris, and providing lubrication. Inside the nictitating membrane lies the tear gland, which produces tears. When the tear gland protrudes, it becomes visible and looks like a red, cherry-like mass, hence the name “cherry eye.”
Causes of Cherry Eye in Dogs
The exact cause of cherry eye is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Certain breeds are more prone to cherry eye than others, including:
- Brachycephalic breeds: Bulldogs, Pugs, French Bulldogs, Shih Tzus, and Pekingese.
- Other breeds: Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, and Labrador Retrievers.
While the exact cause is unknown, several factors are suspected to contribute to cherry eye, including:
- Weak connective tissue: The nictitating membrane is held in place by a thin layer of connective tissue. In some dogs, this tissue may be weaker, making it more susceptible to prolapse.
- Strain: Excessive strain on the eye muscles, such as from pulling on a leash or playing tug-of-war, could potentially contribute to cherry eye.
- Inflammation: Inflammation of the nictitating membrane could also contribute to the protrusion of the tear gland.
Symptoms of Cherry Eye
The most obvious symptom of cherry eye is the presence of a red, cherry-like mass on the inside corner of the eye. Other symptoms may include:
- Increased tear production: This is due to the tear gland being unable to function properly when it is prolapsed.
- Eye discharge: This can be clear, watery, or even pus-like.
- Eye irritation: The prolapsed tear gland can irritate the eye, leading to redness, itching, and discomfort.
- Squinting: Dogs with cherry eye may squint or rub their eyes due to the irritation.
Diagnosis of Cherry Eye
Diagnosing cherry eye is usually straightforward. A veterinarian will examine your dog’s eye and look for the telltale signs of a prolapsed tear gland. They may also perform other tests, such as:
- Fluorescein staining: This test helps to assess the tear production and identify any corneal abrasions.
- Ophthalmoscopy: This examination uses a special tool to visualize the back of the eye and rule out any other underlying conditions.
Treatment of Cherry Eye
The most common treatment for cherry eye is surgical correction. This involves surgically repositioning the tear gland back into its normal position within the nictitating membrane. There are several different surgical techniques, but the goal is always to secure the tear gland and prevent it from prolapsing again.
Types of Cherry Eye Surgery
- Pocket Technique: This is the most common technique. A pocket is created within the nictitating membrane to hold the tear gland in place.
- Suture Technique: This technique uses sutures to attach the tear gland to the surrounding tissue.
The success rate of cherry eye surgery is generally high. However, recurrence is possible, especially in breeds that are genetically predisposed to the condition.
Post-Surgery Care
Following cherry eye surgery, your veterinarian will provide specific instructions for post-operative care. This will likely include:
- Administering eye drops: These drops will help to prevent infection and keep the eye lubricated.
- Applying an Elizabethan collar (E-collar): This will help to prevent your dog from rubbing or scratching their eye.
- Rest: Limit your dog’s physical activity for a period of time to allow the surgical site to heal properly.
Home Remedies and Prevention
While there are no guaranteed home remedies for cherry eye, you can try cool compresses on the affected eye to reduce inflammation and provide some comfort for your dog. However, it is crucial to seek veterinary care as early as possible to get the most effective treatment.
Unfortunately, there are no guaranteed methods to prevent cherry eye. However, regular eye examinations by a veterinarian can help to detect the condition early on, when it may be easier to treat.
Conclusion
Cherry eye is a common condition in dogs that can affect their quality of life. While it can be alarming to see, it’s important to remember that it is usually treatable. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention offer the best chance of restoring normal eye function and preventing long-term complications. If you suspect your dog has cherry eye, consult a veterinarian immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment.
FAQ
What is cherry eye in dogs?
Cherry eye occurs when the gland that produces tears in the eye (the nictitating membrane gland) protrudes from its normal position. This protrusion makes the gland appear as a red, cherry-shaped mass in the corner of the eye.
Cherry eye is a relatively common condition in dogs, and it can affect one or both eyes. It is often seen in young dogs, but it can occur at any age.
What causes cherry eye in dogs?
Cherry eye is usually caused by a weakness in the connective tissue that holds the nictitating membrane gland in place. This weakness can be inherited or caused by a trauma to the eye.
Some dog breeds are more prone to cherry eye than others. These breeds include Bulldogs, Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Shih Tzus.
What are the symptoms of cherry eye in dogs?
The most obvious symptom of cherry eye is the presence of a red, cherry-shaped mass in the corner of the eye. Other symptoms may include excessive tearing, squinting, and eye discharge.
If your dog has any of these symptoms, it is important to see a veterinarian as soon as possible.
How is cherry eye diagnosed in dogs?
A veterinarian can usually diagnose cherry eye by simply examining the dog’s eye. In some cases, the veterinarian may recommend additional tests, such as a tear production test or a culture of the eye discharge.
The veterinarian will also need to determine if the cherry eye is a primary problem or a symptom of another condition.
How is cherry eye treated in dogs?
The most common treatment for cherry eye is surgery. Surgery involves repositioning the nictitating membrane gland back into its normal position and securing it with sutures.
Surgery is typically successful in preventing the cherry eye from recurring.
How can I prevent cherry eye in my dog?
There is no guaranteed way to prevent cherry eye in dogs, as it is often an inherited condition. However, you can help to reduce the risk by choosing a dog from a reputable breeder and providing your dog with a healthy diet and regular eye care.
You can also protect your dog’s eyes from injury by keeping them away from sharp objects and by teaching them to avoid rubbing their eyes.
Is cherry eye painful for dogs?
In most cases, cherry eye is not painful for dogs. However, the protruding gland can be irritated and inflamed, which can cause discomfort.
If your dog is showing signs of pain, such as squinting or rubbing their eyes, it is important to see a veterinarian for treatment.